GIT

[Jo Bowyer]

Determining the association between fibromyalgia, the gut microbiome and its biomarkers: A systematic review

https://bmcmusculoskeletdisord.biome...91-020-03201-9

[Jo Bowyer]

Walnuts may be good for the gut and help promote heart health

https://www.sciencedaily.com/release...0116112542.htm

[Jo Bowyer]

Bile acids may help regulate gut immunity and inflammation

https://www.sciencedaily.com/release...0103141047.htm

[Jo Bowyer]

Fatty meal interrupts gut's communication with the body, but why?

https://www.sciencedaily.com/release...1217141551.htm

A high-fat meal can silence communication between the intestine and the rest of the body, according to a new Duke University study in zebrafish.

While using the fish to examine cells that normally tell the brain and the rest of the body what's going on inside the gut after a meal, a team of Duke researchers discovered that a high-fat meal completely shuts down that communication for a few hours.

The cells they were looking at are the enteroendocrine cells, which occur sparsely throughout the lining of the gut, but play a key role in signaling the body about the all-important alimentary canal. In addition to releasing hormones, the cells also have a recently-discovered direct connection to the nervous system and the brain.

These cells produce at least 15 different hormones to send signals to the rest of the body about gut movement, feelings of fullness, digestion, nutrient absorption, insulin sensitivity and energy storage.

"But they fall asleep on the job for a few hours after a high-fat meal, and we don't yet know if that's good or bad," said John Rawls, an associate professor of molecular genetics and microbiology in the Duke School of Medicine.

Since enteroendocrine cells are key players in digestion, the feeling of being full and subsequent feeding behavior, this silencing may be a mechanism that somehow causes people eating a high-fat diet to eat even more.

[Jo Bowyer]

Gut instincts: Researchers discover first clues on how gut health influences brain health

https://www.sciencedaily.com/release...1023172106.htm

"Our study provides new insight into the mechanisms of how the gut and brain communicate at the molecular level," said co-senior author Dr. David Artis, director of the Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, director of the Friedman Center for Nutrition and Inflammation and the Michael Kors Professor of Immunology at Weill Cornell Medicine. "No one yet has understood how IBD and other chronic gastrointestinal conditions influence behavior and mental health. Our study is the beginning of a new way to understand the whole picture."

For the study, published Oct. 23 in Nature, the researchers used mouse models to learn about the changes that occur in brain cells when gut microbiota are depleted.

[Jo Bowyer]

Hope for millions of IBS sufferers as research identifies cause of pain as 'gut itch'

https://www.sciencedaily.com/release...1016094905.htm

[Jo Bowyer]

Scientists find timekeepers of gut's immune system

Targeting such cells may lead to treatments for digestive ailments

https://www.sciencedaily.com/release...1004143818.htm

[Jo Bowyer]

FODMAPs diet relieves symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease

https://www.sciencedaily.com/release...1003173744.htm

[Jo Bowyer]

The Markov Blanketed Mind

http://philosophyofbrains.com/2019/0...eted-mind.aspx

Common-sense suggests that it is perception and action that delineate a boundary for the mind. Perception is the interface where the world impacts on the mind, and action is where agents make a causal difference in the world. Chalmers (2008, 2019) suggests that this common-sense view presents the most difficult challenge for extended consciousness, given that “what precedes perception and what follows action is not truly mental.” (2008, p. xi) This challenge to the extended (conscious) mind can be formalised using the notion of a Markov blanket.

[Jo Bowyer]

Serotonin linked to somatic awareness

https://www.sciencedaily.com/release...0619142549.htm

New research suggests serotonin could be involved in a condition where patients experience physical discomforts for which there is no physiological explanation.

[Jo Bowyer]

Gut bacteria associated with chronic pain for first time

https://www.sciencedaily.com/release...0620100043.htm

[Jo Bowyer]

Researchers document impact of coffee on bowels

https://www.sciencedaily.com/release...0519123556.htm

[Jo Bowyer]

Study examines aspirin use to prevent colorectal cancer

T

he US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) concluded that aspirin reduces the risk of colorectal cancer by 40 percent as well as recurrence of advanced polyps, which are a major risk factor. To explore whether high risk patients are adhering to USPSTF guidelines, researchers analyzed data from structured interviews with 84 patients and found that less than half (42.9 percent) reported taking aspirin. These findings pose major challenges that require multifactorial approaches by physicians and patients.

[Jo Bowyer]

Feces transplantation: Effective treatment facing an uncertain future

https://www.sciencedaily.com/release...0205102515.htm

In the right intestines, feces can save lives. This is shown by a new study of feces transplantation and the life-threatening intestinal disease Clostridium difficile. Medical doctors and researchers from Aarhus, Denmark, are presently building up a feces bank, but both the treatment and its non-targeted research could be about to come under pressure.

[Jo Bowyer]

Gut Bacteria Linked to Depression Identified

https://neurosciencenews.com/depress...acteria-10685/